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1.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 77(12): 871-880, Dec. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1055201

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Bacterial meningitis (BM) is associated with a high morbidity and mortality. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lactate may be used as a prognostic marker of this condition. We hypothesized that CSF lactate levels would remain elevated in participants who died of acute BM compared with those who recovered from this disease. Objective: To evaluate the potential use of lactate and other CSF biomarkers as prognostic markers of acute BM outcome. Methods: This retrospective, longitudinal study evaluated dynamic CSF biomarkers in 223 CSF samples from 49 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria of acute BM, with bacteria identified by CSF culturing. The participants were grouped according to outcome: death (n = 9; 18.37%) and survival (n = 40; 81.63%). All participants received appropriate antibiotic treatment. Results: In the logistic regression model, lactate concentration in the final CSF sample, xanthochromia, and CSF glucose variation between the first and last CSF samples were predictors of a poor outcome (death). In contrast, decrease in CSF white blood cell count and CSF percentage of neutrophils, increase in the percentage of lymphocytes, and normalization of the CSF lactate concentration in the last CSF sample were predictors of a good prognosis. Conclusion: The study confirmed the initial hypothesis. The longitudinal analysis of CSF lactate is an important predictor of prognosis in acute BM.


RESUMO As meningites bacterianas (MB) estão associadas à alta morbidade e mortalidade. O lactato no líquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR) pode ser usado como biomarcador de prognóstico nas MB. A hipótese desse estudo é que os níveis de lactato no LCR se mantém elevados entre pacientes com MB aguda que evoluem para óbito, ao contrário do que ocorre em pacientes com bom prognóstico. Objetivo: Avaliar o uso potencial do lactato e outros marcadores no LCR como indicador de prognóstico na MB aguda. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo longitudinal da dinâmica dos biomarcadores bioquímicos, celulares e físicos no LCR. Foram analisadas 223 amostras de 49 pacientes com MB aguda com bactérias identificadas por cultura do LCR. Os participantes foram divididos em dois grupos de acordo com o desfecho: óbito (n = 9; 18,37%) e não óbito (n = 40; 81,63%). Todos os participantes receberam antibioticoterapia adequada. Resultados: No modelo de regressão logística, as variáveis que diferiram significativamente entre os dois grupos foram concentração de lactato na amostra final de LCR, xantocromia e variação da concentração de glicose entre a primeira e a última amostra de LCR. A alteração desses fatores indicou desfechos negativos (óbito), enquanto a diminuição do número de leucócitos e da porcentagem de neutrófilos, assim como a normalização da concentração de lactato no LCR foram preditores de bom prognóstico. Conclusão: O estudo confirmou a hipótese inicial. A análise longitudinal do lactato no LCR é um importante preditor de prognóstico na MB aguda.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Meningitis, Bacterial/cerebrospinal fluid , Meningitis, Bacterial/mortality , Lactic Acid/cerebrospinal fluid , Prognosis , Reference Values , Time Factors , Biomarkers/cerebrospinal fluid , Logistic Models , Retrospective Studies , Longitudinal Studies , Meningitis, Bacterial/microbiology , Meningitis, Bacterial/pathology , Statistics, Nonparametric , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Glucose/cerebrospinal fluid , Gram-Negative Bacteria/isolation & purification , Gram-Positive Bacteria/isolation & purification
2.
Rev. bras. ter. intensiva ; 30(2): 153-159, abr.-jun. 2018. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-959322

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar os fatores prognósticos em pacientes graves com meningite bacteriana adquirida na comunidade e lesão renal aguda. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo com inclusão de pacientes em um hospital terciário dedicado a doenças infecciosas localizado em Fortaleza (CE), com diagnóstico de meningite bacteriana adquirida na comunidade complicada por lesão renal aguda. Investigaram-se os fatores associados a óbito, ventilação mecânica e uso de vasopressores. Resultados: Incluíram-se 41 pacientes, com média de idade de 41,6 ± 15,5 anos, 56% dos quais do sexo masculino. O tempo médio entre a admissão à unidade de terapia intensiva e o diagnóstico de lesão renal aguda foi de 5,8 ± 10,6 dias. A mortalidade global foi de 53,7%. Segundo os critérios KDIGO, 10 pacientes foram classificados como estágio 1 (24,4%), 18 como estágio 2 (43,9%) e 13 como estágio 3 (31,7%). A classificação em estágio KDIGO 3 aumentou de forma significante a mortalidade (OR = 6,67; IC95% = 1,23 - 36,23; p = 0,028). A presença de trombocitopenia não se associou com aumento da mortalidade, porém foi um fator de risco para a ocorrência da classificação KDIGO 3 (OR = 5,67; IC95% = 1,25 - 25,61; p = 0,024) e para necessidade de utilizar ventilação mecânica (OR = 6,25; IC95% = 1,33 - 29,37; p = 0,02). Os pacientes que necessitaram de ventilação mecânica 48 horas após o diagnóstico de lesão renal aguda tiveram níveis mais elevados de ureia (44,6 versus 74mg/dL; p = 0,039) e sódio (138,6 versus 144,1mEq/L; p = 0,036). Conclusão: A mortalidade de pacientes graves com meningite bacteriana adquirida na comunidade e lesão renal aguda é alta. A severidade da lesão renal aguda se associou com mortalidade ainda mais elevada. A presença de trombocitopenia se associou com lesão renal aguda mais grave. Níveis mais elevados de ureia podem prever mais precocemente a ocorrência de lesão renal aguda de maior gravidade.


ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate prognostic factors among critically ill patients with community-acquired bacterial meningitis and acute kidney injury. Methods: A retrospective study including patients admitted to a tertiary infectious disease hospital in Fortaleza, Brazil diagnosed with community-acquired bacterial meningitis complicated with acute kidney injury. Factors associated with death, mechanical ventilation and use of vasopressors were investigated. Results: Forty-one patients were included, with a mean age of 41.6 ± 15.5 years; 56% were males. Mean time between intensive care unit admission and acute kidney injury diagnosis was 5.8 ± 10.6 days. Overall mortality was 53.7%. According to KDIGO criteria, 10 patients were classified as stage 1 (24.4%), 18 as stage 2 (43.9%) and 13 as stage 3 (31.7%). KDIGO 3 significantly increased mortality (OR = 6.67; 95%CI = 1.23 - 36.23; p = 0.028). Thrombocytopenia was not associated with higher mortality, but it was a risk factor for KDIGO 3 (OR = 5.67; 95%CI = 1.25 - 25.61; p = 0.024) and for mechanical ventilation (OR = 6.25; 95%CI = 1.33 - 29.37; p = 0.02). Patients who needed mechanical ventilation by 48 hours from acute kidney injury diagnosis had higher urea (44.6 versus 74mg/dL, p = 0.039) and sodium (138.6 versus 144.1mEq/L; p = 0.036). Conclusion: Mortality among critically ill patients with community-acquired bacterial meningitis and acute kidney injury is high. Acute kidney injury severity was associated with even higher mortality. Thrombocytopenia was associated with severer acute kidney injury. Higher urea was an earlier predictor of severer acute kidney injury than was creatinine.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Respiration, Artificial/methods , Thrombocytopenia/complications , Meningitis, Bacterial/physiopathology , Acute Kidney Injury/physiopathology , Prognosis , Urea/metabolism , Vasoconstrictor Agents/administration & dosage , Severity of Illness Index , Brazil , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Meningitis, Bacterial/mortality , Hospital Mortality , Critical Illness , Community-Acquired Infections/physiopathology , Community-Acquired Infections/mortality , Creatinine/metabolism , Acute Kidney Injury/mortality , Intensive Care Units , Middle Aged
3.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 17(5): 538-544, Sept.-Oct. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-689878

ABSTRACT

This was a case-control study to identify prognostic indicators of bacterial meningitis in a reference hospital in Pernambuco/Brazil. The data were collected from charts of 294 patients with bacterial meningitis between January 2000 and December 2004. Variables were grouped in biological, clinical, laboratory and etiologic agent/treatment. Variables selected in each step were grouped and adjusted for age. Two models were created: one containing clinical variables (clinical model) and other containing laboratory variables (laboratory model). In the clinical model the variables associated with death due to bacterial meningitis were dyspnea (p = 0.006), evidence of shock (p = 0.051), evidence of altered mental state (p = 0.000), absence of headache (p = 0.008), absence of vomiting (p = 0.052), and age >40 years old (p = 0.013). In the laboratory model, the variables associated with death due to bacterial meningitis were positive blood cultures (p = 0.073) and thrombocytopenia (p = 0.019). Identification of prognostic indicators soon after admission may allow early specific measures, like admission of patients with higher risk of death to Intensive Care Units.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Meningitis, Bacterial/mortality , Case-Control Studies , Prognosis , Risk Factors
4.
Rev. paul. pediatr ; 30(4): 586-593, dez. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-661032

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Analisar a melhor evidência disponível nos últimos 15 anos com relação aos benefícios da terapia adjuvante com dexametasona na meningite bacteriana em população pediátrica. FONTES DE DADOS: Das bases de dados Medline, Lilacs e SciELO, foram analisados ensaios clínicos randomizados de 1996 a 2011, os quais comparavam a dexametasona ao placebo e/ou a outra terapia adjuvante em pacientes com meningite bacteriana diagnosticada laboratorialmente por critérios quimiocitológicos e/ou bacteriológicos, na faixa etária de 29 dias aos 18 anos. Os desfechos avaliados foram mortalidade e ocorrência de sequelas neurológicas e/ou auditivas. Foram excluídos estudos relacionados à meningite tuberculosa. SÍNTESE DOS DADOS: Com os critérios utilizados, foram identificadas cinco publicações correspondentes a quatro protocolos de estudo. Nenhum dos estudos mostrou diferenças entre a dexametasona e o placebo para os desfechos avaliados. Os estudos analisados tiveram alta qualidade (escore de Jadad et al=5). CONCLUSÕES: As evidências encontradas na literatura são insuficientes para indicar de forma rotineira o uso da dexametasona como terapia adjuvante para redução de mortalidade, perda auditiva e sequelas neurológicas em pacientes pediátricos com meningite bacteriana não tuberculosa.


OBJECTIVE: To analyze the best available evidence from the last 15 years on the benefits of adjuvant therapy with dexamethasone for bacterial meningitis in children. DATA SOURCES: Randomized controlled trials comparing dexamethasone to placebo and/or other adjuvant therapies in patients with bacterial meningitis diagnosed by biochemical, cytological and/or microbiological data. Studies with patients from 29 days to 18 years of age, from 1996 to 2011, were searched at Medline, Lilacs and SciELO databases. The evaluated outcomes were mortality and development of neurological and/or hearing impairment. Studies related to tuberculous meningitis were excluded. DATA SYNTHESIS: With the specified criteria, five published studies were identified corresponding to four study protocols. None of the studies showed differences between dexamethasone and placebo for the evaluated outcomes. All analyzed studies had high methodological quality (Jadad et al score=5). CONCLUSIONS: Current evidence is insufficient to support routine adjuvant therapy with dexamethasone to reduce mortality, hearing impairment, or neurological sequelae in pediatric patients with non-tuberculous bacterial meningitis.


OBJETIVO: El presente estudio tiene por objetivo el análisis de la mejor evidencia disponible los últimos 15 años respecto a los beneficios de la terapia adyuvante con dexametasona en la meningitis bacteriana en población pediátrica por medio de revisión sistemática. FUENTES DE DATOS: De las bases de datos Medline, Lilacs y ScieLO, se analizaron ensayos clínicos aleatorios de 1996 a 2011 que comparaban la dexametasona al placebo y/u otra terapia adyuvante, en pacientes con meningitis bacteriana diagnosticada laboratorialmente por criterios quimiocitológicos y/o bacteriológicos, en la franja de edad de 29 días a 18 años. Los desenlaces evaluados fueron mortalidad y ocurrencia de secuelas neurológicas y/o auditivas. Se excluyeron estudios con meningitis tuberculosa. SÍNTESIS DE LOS DATOS: Con los criterios utilizados, se identificaron cinco publicaciones correspondientes a cuatro protocolos de estudio. Ninguno de los estudios mostró diferencias entre la dexametasona y el placebo para los desenlaces evaluados. Todos los estudios analizados tuvieron alta calidad (escore Jadad=5). CONCLUSIÓN: Las evidencias encontradas en la literatura son insuficientes para indicar, de modo rutinario, el uso de la dexametasona como terapia adyuvante para reducción de la mortalidad, pérdida auditiva y secuelas neurológicas, en pacientes pediátricos con meningitis bacteriana no tuberculosa.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Dexamethasone/therapeutic use , Meningitis, Bacterial/complications , Meningitis, Bacterial/mortality , Meningitis, Bacterial/drug therapy , Deafness
5.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 45(3): 323-328, May-June 2012. graf, mapas, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-640429

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Bacterial meningitis has great social relevance due to its ability to produce sequelae and cause death. It is most frequently found in developing countries, especially among children. Meningococcal meningitis occurs at a high frequency in populations with poor living conditions. This study describes the temporal evolution of bacterial meningitis in Salvador, Brazil, 1995-2009, and verifies the association between its spatial variation and the living conditions of the population. METHODS: This was an ecological study in which the areas of information were classified by an index of living conditions. It examined fluctuations using a trend curve, and the relationship between this index and the spatial distribution of meningitis was verified using simple linear regression. RESULTS: From 1995-2009, there were 3,456 confirmed cases of bacterial meningitis in Salvador. We observed a downward trend during this period, with a yearly incidence of 9.1 cases/100,000 population and fatality of 16.7%. Children aged <5 years old and male were more affected. There was no significant spatial autocorrelation or pattern in the spatial distribution of the disease. The areas with the worst living conditions had higher fatality from meningococcal disease (β = 0.0078117, p < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Bacterial meningitis reaches all social strata; however, areas with poor living conditions have a greater proportion of cases that progress to death. This finding reflects the difficulties for ready access and poor quality of medical care faced by these populations.


INTRODUÇÃO: As meningites bacterianas apresentam grande relevância social, devido à sua capacidade de produzir sequelas e mortes. Ocorrem mais frequentemente nos países em desenvolvimento, especialmente entre crianças. Meningite meningocócica ocorre com maior intensidade em populações de baixas condições de vida. Este estudo descreve a evolução temporal das meningites bacterianas em Salvador, 1995-2009, e verifica a associação entre sua variação espacial e condições de vida da população. Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo ecológico no qual as zonas de informação foram classificadas por um índice de condições de vida. Foram examinadas flutuações nas curvas de tendência, e a relação entre este índice e a distribuição espacial das meningites foi verificada por meio de regressão linear simples. RESULTADOS: De 1995 a 2009 foram confirmados, em Salvador, 3.456 casos de meningites bacterianas. Observou-se no período uma tendência descendente, incidência anual de 9,1/100.000 e letalidade de 16,7%. Crianças menores de cinco anos de idade e do sexo masculino foram mais afetadas. Não houve autocorrelação espacial significativa ou padrão na distribuição espacial da doença. Áreas com piores condições de vida apresentaram maior letalidade da doença meningocócica (β = 0,0078117, p <0,005). CONCLUSÕES: As meningites bacterianas atingem todos os estratos sociais, no entanto em áreas onde a população é menos favorecida encontra-se maior proporção de casos que evoluem para a morte. Este achado reflete as dificuldades para pronto acesso e a má qualidade dos cuidados médicos enfrentadas por essas populações.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Meningitis, Bacterial/mortality , Brazil/epidemiology , Incidence , Risk Factors , Socioeconomic Factors
6.
Indian J Med Microbiol ; 2012 Apr-June; 30(2): 242-245
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-143957

ABSTRACT

Vancomycin-resistant enterococci rarely cause meningitis and present a therapeutic challenge. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done for strains of Enterococcus species isolated from CSF samples of patients with meningitis by phenotypic methods. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction was performed to determine the genetic basis of vancomycin resistance of such isolates. We report here two cases of enterococcal meningitis caused by vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus species. One of the isolates was identified as Enterococcus faecalis and the other as Enterococcus gallinarum. We also report the simultaneous presence of vanC1 and vanA resistance genes in the strain of E. gallinarum. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of vanA resistance gene in an isolate of E. gallinarum from the Indian subcontinent. This is also the first Indian report of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus causing meningitis.


Subject(s)
Aged , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Cerebrospinal Fluid/microbiology , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , Enterococcus/classification , Enterococcus/drug effects , Enterococcus/isolation & purification , Fatal Outcome , Female , Genes, Bacterial , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/diagnosis , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/mortality , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/pathology , Humans , India , Male , Meningitis, Bacterial/diagnosis , Meningitis, Bacterial/mortality , Meningitis, Bacterial/pathology , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Middle Aged , Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction , Vancomycin Resistance
7.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Clín. Méd ; 9(3)maio-jun. 2011. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-588519

ABSTRACT

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A meningite é uma doença de notificação compulsória com etiologia variada que consiste na inflamação das meninges. Ainda causa morbimortalidade considerável, apesar do manuseio adequado e da implementação de vacinas. A vigilância epidemiológica tem papel importante na monitoração e permite diagnosticar o comportamento da doença possibilitando o planejamento de intervenções. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever e analisar as características epidemiológicas, clínicas e laboratoriais das meningites no sul de Santa Catarina.MÉTODO: Foi realizada uma coorte histórica incluindo todos os casos confirmados de meningite notificados na Secretaria Estadual de Saúde de Tubarão, órgão responsável pela região da AMUREL (Associação dos Municípios da Região da Laguna),no período de 1994 a 2009. Os dados foram coletados a partir do Sistema de Informações de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN).RESULTADOS: No período do estudo foram notificados 453 casos de meningites. A meningite bacteriana não meningocócica foi o diagnóstico mais frequente (42,1%), seguido pela viral (26,2%). Em 2008 e 2009 foi identificada alta porcentagem(> 50%) de diagnósticos sem identificação do agente causal.O coeficiente médio de incidência foi de 9,11 casos/ 100.000habitantes. O óbito foi o desfecho em 15% dos casos, e em 91,7% dos casos o agente era bacteriano. A letalidade das meningites bacterianas foi maior (18,2%) em comparação com as meningites virais (3,4%) (RR = 5,50; IC 95%: 2,02 - 14,94; p= 0,000078).CONCLUSÃO: Apesar dos avanços terapêuticos e preventivos, a meningite continua sendo uma doença importante na região daAMUREL com potencial significativo para causar lesões exigindo uma vigilância epidemiológica mais precisa e abrangente.(AU)


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The meningitis is a diseasewith obligatory report caused by varied etiology and whichis based on meningeal inflammation. It keeps causing high morbidityand mortality, besides the fast assessment and implementationof immunization. The epidemiological surveillance has importantrole in the monitorship and allows the diagnosis of theillness behavior making possible the planning of interventions.The aim of this study was to describe and analyze the epidemiological,clinical, laboratory of meningitis in Southern of SantaCatarina.METHOD: It was performed a historic cohort study including all confirmed meningitis cases notified to the Regional Health Secretary in Tubarão, responsible for AMUREL's region. The data were collected during the period between 1994 and 2009 from the Notification Injuries Information System (SINAN).RESULTS: Between 1994 and 2009, 453 cases of meningitis were notified. The non meningococcal bacterial meningitis wasthe most frequent diagnosis (42.1%) followed by viral meningitis (26.2%). In 2008 and 2009 it was identified a high percentage(> 50%) of unspecified diagnosis. The mean incidence was 9.11 cases/100.000 inhabitants. Death was the outcome in15% of the cases, and the bacterial etiology was responsible for 91.7% of them. The lethality was higher in bacterial meningitis(18.2%) than viral (3.4%) (RR = 5.50; CI 95%: 2.02 - 14.94;p = 0.000078).CONCLUSION: Despite the preventive and therapeutic advances,the meningitis keeps being an important illness in theAMUREL's region with high potential to cause damages demandingfor more precise and comprehensive epidemiological surveillance.(AU)


Subject(s)
Meningitis/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Prevalence , Meningitis, Bacterial/mortality , Haemophilus Vaccines
8.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 68(6): 882-887, Dec. 2010. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-571328

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of and mortality due to meningitis and compare data according to microbiological diagnosis. This was a ten-year retrospective study conducted at a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Newborns with meningitis confirmed by positive CSF culture were included; those with congenital infection or malformations that made lumbar puncture impossible were excluded. The variables investigated were birth weight, gestational and postnatal age, procedures, hematological and CSF parameters, and complications. Parametric and non-parametric tests were used (statistical value p<0.05). The incidence of meningitis was 0.6 percent and mortality was 27 percent. Of the 22 cases, 59 percent involved Gram-negative bacteria; 36 percent Gram-positive and 5 percent fungi. The groups did not differ in relation to birth weight, gestational and postnatal age, procedures or hematological and CSF parameters. Sepsis, convulsions and deaths were frequent in both groups, without statistical difference. Gram-negative cases showed abscesses and higher frequency of ventriculitis and hydrocephaly. Meningitis was infrequent, but presented high mortality and frequent complications.


O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar incidência e mortalidade da meningite e comparar dados de acordo com o diagnóstico microbiológico. Estudo retrospectivo, de 10 anos, em UTI Neonatal. Incluídos RNs com meningite confirmada por cultura de líquor positiva; RN com infecção congênita ou malformações que impedem punção lombar foram excluídos. Variáveis: peso ao nascimento, idades gestacional e pós natal, procedimentos, parâmetros hematológicos e liquóricos, complicações. Testes paramétricos e não paramétricos foram utilizados (valor estatístico p<0,05). A incidência de meningite foi de 0,6 por cento e mortalidade de 27 por cento. Dos 22 casos, 59 por cento foram por bactérias Gram-negativas; 36 por cento por bactérias Gram-positivas e 5 por cento por fungos. Grupos não diferiram quanto ao peso ao nascimento, idades gestacional e pós-natal, procedimentos e por parâmetros hematológicos e liquóricos. Sepse, convulsões e óbitos foram frequentes e não diferiram entre os grupos. Gram-negativos causaram abscessos e mais frequentemente ventriculite e hidrocefalia. Meningite não foi freqüente, mas apresentou alta mortalidade e complicações.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Meningitis, Bacterial/microbiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/mortality , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/mortality , Incidence , Intensive Care Units, Neonatal , Meningitis, Bacterial/mortality , Retrospective Studies
9.
Med. infant ; 17(4): 353-358, Dic 2010. Tab
Article in Spanish | BINACIS, UNISALUD, LILACS | ID: biblio-1281489

ABSTRACT

En modelos experimentales los corticoides redujeron la gravedad del proceso inflamatorio del espacio subaracnoideo, causante de complicaciones de meningitis bacteriana. Su uso se ha propuesto como medicación coadyuvante para disminuir las muertes, secuelas neurológicas e hipoacusia post meningitis. Numerosos estudios efectuados informaron resultados contradictorios en cuanto su eficacia. En el presente trabajo se analizó la evidencia actual de los corticoides como medicación coadyuvante en meningitis bacteriana en pediatría. Material y métodos: la búsqueda se realizó en MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, motores de búsqueda Google y Yahoo de artículos publicados en los últimos 5 años. De los 28 artículos que encontramos con las palabras claves steroids AND bacterial meningitis, 9 constituyen esta revisión. Resultados: ninguno de los 5 trabajos que analizaron la mortalidad encontró que la dexametasona la disminuía al compararlo con placebo. Los corticoides tampoco disminuían las secuelas neurológicas en los 3 artículos que trataron esta complicación. Los corticoides estaban asociados a menor tasa de hipoacusia que el placebo en meningitis por Haemophilus influenzae en 3 trabajos, no así en otros 4. Conclusiones: no hay evidencia que los corticoides prevengan la muerte o las secuelas neurológicas en niños con meningitis. Los efectos protectores en la audición son contradictorios y no existe evidencia firme que apoye su uso. El análisis de esta complicación es particularmente complejo dado los diferentes niveles de evidencia, de metodología de estudios, de evaluaciones audiométricas y de poblaciones disímiles en cuanto a acceso a servicios de salud y situación sanitaria (AU)


In experimental models dexamethasone, reduces the severity of inflammation in de subarachnoid space responsible for complications of bacterial meningitis. Dexamethasone has been proposed as adjuvant therapy to reduce postmeningitis, death, neurologic sequelae and hearing loss. Numerous studies have been performed, but contradictory results have been reported regarding its efficacy. We analyzed the current evidence of steroids as adjuvant therapy in children with bacterial meningitis. Material and methods: we reviewed the MEDLINE database, Cochrane Library, Yahoo and Google search engines for articles published in the last 5 years. We found 28 articles that matched the keywords "steroids" and "bacterial meningitis" and narrowed the analysis to 9 articles containing adequate evidence. Results: mortality rates were not reduced with dexamethasone compared to placebo in the 5 articles that addressed this endpoint. Neither were neurologic sequelae reduced with steroids in the 3 articles that addressed this outcome. Steroids were associated with prevention of post meningitis hearing loss in 3 studies, but not in the other 4. Conclusions: there is no current evidence that steroids prevent death or neurologic sequelae after bacterial meningitis in children. The protective properties of steroids in hearing loss are contradictory and no firm evidence favors their use. Different levels of evidence, different methodological studies, audiometric evaluation, and dissimilar health care and sanitary conditions, make the analysis of this endpoint particularly complex (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Dexamethasone/therapeutic use , Meningitis, Bacterial/complications , Meningitis, Bacterial/drug therapy , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use , Hearing Loss/prevention & control , Meningitis, Bacterial/mortality , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use
10.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 14(5): 437-440, Sept.-Oct. 2010. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-570556

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The mortality rate due to Acinetobacter baumannii nosocomial meningitis (ANM) is high. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors that have influence over the outcomes in ANM patients. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 22 cases of ANM was conducted in a hospital with high incidence of multidrug resistance. RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 43 years (21 to 91) and 54.5 percent were male. All ANM cases occurred within 60 days of admission and the mean duration of illness was of 18.2 days. All cases were associated with previous neurosurgical procedures: elective surgery (27.2 percent), external shunt (54.4 percent) and emergency surgery due to trauma (18.1 percent). Imipenem resistance was observed in 40.9 percent of cases, but ampicillin/sulbactam resistance was lower (27.2 percent). The mortality rate of ANM patients was of 72.7 percent. The only risk factor associated with mortality was inappropriate therapy within five days after CSF collection. All patients who survived the meningitis episode had received appropriate therapy, in contrast to only 69.2 percent of those who did not survive (OR = 5.15; IC = 0.45-54.01). CONCLUSIONS: The high mortality rate observed in our study suggests the need for aggressive empirical treatment with addition of drugs, including intrathecal therapy, where multi-resistant A. baumannii is endemic.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Acinetobacter baumannii , Acinetobacter Infections/mortality , Cross Infection/mortality , Meningitis, Bacterial/mortality , Acinetobacter Infections/drug therapy , Acinetobacter Infections/microbiology , Brazil , Cross Infection/drug therapy , Cross Infection/microbiology , Epidemiologic Methods , Meningitis, Bacterial/drug therapy , Meningitis, Bacterial/microbiology
11.
São Paulo; s.n; 2009. [133] p. graf, tab, mapas.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-575172

ABSTRACT

Descrever o comportamento da Doença Meningocócica (DM) focalizando aspectos clínicos e seus desfechos, analisar o possível impacto da descentralização da assistência hospitalar, investigando também fatores associados à sua gravidade no município de São Paulo (SP), de 1986 a 2004. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal com componente descritivo e analítico, abrangendo o período de 1986 a 2004. A população de estudo abrange pacientes de DM, residentes no município de SP, notificados à vigilância. Os dados foram obtidos junto à vigilância passiva da DM e ao Instituto Adolfo Lutz de São Paulo. A descrição da doença foi efetuada segundo aspectos relativos ao tempo, espaço e pessoa. Para a investigação dos fatores associados à gravidade da DM tomou-se como variável dependente o óbito por DM e como variável independente, as exposições de interesse. Elas foram investigadas por meio das estimativas das odds ratio não ajustadas e ajustadas pela regressão logística não condicional, com os respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95 por cento. Resultados: Foram confirmados 10.087 casos de DM no município de São Paulo, durante o período de interesse. No pico epidêmico de 1995, a taxa de incidência média da DM foi de 8,1 casos/100.000 habitantes (hab), a mortalidade de 1,8 casos/hab/ano e letalidade média de 22 por cento. Crianças menores de quatro anos foram as mais atingidas, constituindo 54 por cento dos casos, principalmente entre os menores de um ano, com taxa de incidência média de 60,1/100000 casos/hab. Em 1986, o Hospital Especializado atendia 83 por cento dos casos e os Assistenciais apenas 12 por cento. No final do período estudado (2004), com a descentralização do serviço, o Hospital Especializado passou a atendeu 22 por cento dos casos e 71 por cento dos casos os Assistenciais. O Hospital Especializado manteve a letalidade anual dos casos de DM constante durante todo período, em torno de 11 por cento...


To describe the behavior of meningococcal disease (MD) focusing on clinical features and outcomes, analyze the potential impacts of decentralization of hospital care, also investigating factors associated with the severity of MD in São Paulo (SP) city, from 1986 to 2004. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with descriptive and analytical component covering the period 1986 to 2004. The population of the study was inhabitants in SP city, registered in the surveillance system. The data were obtained from the surveillance system of the DM MD and the Adolfo Lutz Institute of São Paulo. The descriptive analysis was presented by aspects of the time, space and person. The investigation of factors associated with the severity of the MD, it was considered as dependent variable death, and as independent variable, the exposure of interest. They were investigated by unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios by unconditional logistic regression, with their confidence intervals of 95 per cent. Results: There were 10,087 confirmed cases of MD in SP city, from 1986 to 2004. In epidemic peak (1995), the average rate of incidence of MD was 8.1 cases/100000 inhabitants (inhabit), the mortality rate was 1.8 cases/inhab/year and average case fatality rate (CFR) was of 22 per cent. Children under four years were the highest risk, representing 54 per cent of cases, especially among children under one year with average incidence rate of 60.1/100000 cases/inhab. In 1986, the specialized hospital cared 83 per cent of cases and non-specialized hospital only 12 per cent. At the end of the period studied (2004), with the decentralization of service...


Subject(s)
Humans , Delivery of Health Care/organization & administration , Politics , Medical Care , Meningitis, Bacterial/mortality , Meningitis, Bacterial/pathology , Cross-Sectional Studies
12.
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 24(4): 248-255, oct. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-500460

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To compare children with confirmed bacterial meningitis (CBM) and those with culture- and latex-negative meningitis (CLN). METHODS: Children 1 to 59 months of age admitted to three major referral hospitals in Guatemala City with clinical signs compatible with bacterial infections were evaluated prospectively between 1 October 1996 and 31 December 2005. Bacterial cultures and latex agglutination antigen testing were performed on samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). RESULTS: The case-fatality rate was significantly higher in the 493 children with CBM than in the 528 children with CLN (27.6 percent and 14.9 percent, respectively; P < 0.001). Children with CBM were less likely to have received antibiotics and more likely to have seizures, shock, or coma on admission than children with CLN. Among the 182 CBM survivors and 205 CLN survivors studied between October 2000 and December 2005, clinically observed sequelae were present at discharge in a higher percentage of the CBM than of the CLN group (78.6 percent and 46.8 percent, respectively; P < 0.0001). CSF glucose < 10 mg/dL, peripheral neutrophils < 2 000 cells/mm³, coma or shock at admission, and concurrent sepsis or pneumonia were risk factors for mortality in children with CBM; only coma or shock at admission predicted mortality in children with CLN. CONCLUSIONS: The high case-fatality and sequelae rates suggest that many children with CLN may have had bacterial meningitis. Estimates based on confirmed meningitis alone underestimate the true vaccine-preventable disease burden. Additional studies to determine etiologies of CLN in this population are indicated.


OBJETIVO: Comparar los casos infantiles de meningitis bacteriana confirmada (MBC) y meningitis negativa a pruebas de látex y de cultivo (MNLC). MÉTODOS: Se evaluaron los niños de 1 a 59 meses de edad ingresados en tres grandes hospitales de referencia de la Ciudad de Guatemala entre el 1 de octubre de 1996 y el 31 de diciembre de 2005 con signos clínicos de infección bacteriana. Se realizaron cultivos bacterianos y pruebas de aglutinación antigénica con látex en muestras de líquido cefalorraquídeo (LCR). RESULTADOS: La tasa de letalidad fue significativamente mayor en los 493 niños con MBC que en los 528 niños con MNLC (27,6 por ciento y 14,9 por ciento, respectivamente; P < 0,001). Los niños con MBC tuvieron menor probabilidad de recibir antibióticos y mayor de sufrir convulsiones, choques o entrar en coma al ser ingresados que los niños con MNLC. Se observó un mayor porcentaje de manifestaciones clínicas de secuelas al alta hospitalaria en los 182 niños sobrevivientes con MBC que en los 205 sobrevivientes con MNLC estudiados entre octubre de 2000 y diciembre de 2005 (78,6 por ciento y 46,8 por ciento, respectivamente; P < 0,0001). Los factores de riesgo de muerte en los niños con MBC fueron: glucosa en LCR < 10 mg/dL, neutrófilos periféricos < 2 000 células/mm³, coma o choque al ingreso, y sepsis o neumonía concurrentes; solo el coma y el choque al ingreso predijeron la muerte en niños con MNLC. CONCLUSIONES: Las altas tasas de letalidad y de secuelas indican que muchos niños con MNLC pueden haber tenido meningitis bacteriana. Las estadísticas basadas solamente en los casos confirmados de meningitis subestiman la verdadera carga de enfermedad prevenible mediante vacuna. Se deben emprender estudios adicionales para determinar las etiologías de la MNLC en esta población.


Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Meningitis, Bacterial/mortality , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Bacteremia/complications , Bacteremia/microbiology , Bacteria/growth & development , Bacteria/immunology , Bacteria/isolation & purification , Bacteriological Techniques , Brain Damage, Chronic/epidemiology , Brain Damage, Chronic/etiology , Cerebrospinal Fluid/cytology , Cerebrospinal Fluid/microbiology , Coma/etiology , Guatemala/epidemiology , Latex Fixation Tests , Leukocytosis/epidemiology , Meningitis, Bacterial/complications , Meningitis, Bacterial/cerebrospinal fluid , Meningitis, Bacterial/drug therapy , Meningitis, Bacterial/microbiology , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Shock/etiology
13.
Asuncion; Ministerio de Salud Publica y Bienestar Social; julio 2007. 60 p.
Monography in Spanish | LILACS, BDNPAR | ID: biblio-1019123

ABSTRACT

Manual Operativo de Vigilancia de Neumonias y Meningitis bacterianas en menores de 5 años en el Paraguay por un Sistema de vigilancia constituido por 4 hospitales nacionales


Subject(s)
Child , Meningitis, Bacterial/diagnosis , Meningitis, Bacterial/epidemiology , Meningitis, Bacterial/mortality , Meningitis, Bacterial/prevention & control , National Health Surveillance System , Paraguay/epidemiology
14.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 65(2A): 273-278, jun. 2007. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-453925

ABSTRACT

Acute communitarian bacterial meningitis and AIDS are prevalent infectious disease in Brazil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of acute communitarian bacterial meningitis in AIDS patients, the clinical and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) characteristics. It was reviewed the Health Department data from city of Curitiba, Southern Brazil, from 1996 to 2002. During this period, 32 patients with AIDS fulfilled criteria for acute bacterial meningitis, representing 0.84 percent of the AIDS cases and 1.85 percent of the cases of bacterial meningitis. S. pneumoniae was the most frequent bacteria isolated. The number of white blood cells and the percentage of neutrophils were higher and CSF glucose was lower in the group with no HIV co-infection (p 0.12; 0.008; 0.04 respectively). Bacteria not so common causing meningitis can occur among HIV infected patients. The high mortality rate among pneumococcus meningitis patients makes pneumococcus vaccination important.


A meningite bacteriana aguda comunitária e a AIDS são doenças prevalentes no Brasil. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a freqüência de meningite bacteriana aguda comunitária entre os pacientes com AIDS e as características clínicas e do líquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR). Foram revistos os dados da Secretaria Municipal da Saúde, Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil, nos anos de 1996 a 2002. Nesse período, 32 pacientes com AIDS preencheram os critérios para meningite bacteriana aguda, representando 0,84 por cento dos casos com AIDS e 1,85 por cento dos casos com meningite bacteriana aguda. A bactéria mais freqüentemente isolada foi S. pneumoniae. A celularidade total e a porcentagem de neutrófilos no LCR foi mais elevada e a glicose foi mais baixa no grupo sem co-infecção (p 0,12; 0,008; 0,04 respectivamente). Bactérias menos freqüentes como agentes etiológicos de meningite podem ocorrer. A taxa de mortalidade elevada entre pacientes com meningite por pneumococo torna a vacinação importante.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , HIV Infections/microbiology , Meningitis, Bacterial/complications , Acute Disease , Brazil/epidemiology , Community-Acquired Infections/microbiology , HIV Infections/epidemiology , HIV Seronegativity , Meningitis, Bacterial/cerebrospinal fluid , Meningitis, Bacterial/mortality , Meningitis, Pneumococcal/mortality , Pneumococcal Vaccines/therapeutic use , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Statistics, Nonparametric , Streptococcus pneumoniae/isolation & purification
15.
Rev. chil. cienc. méd. biol ; 13(2): 35-39, 2003. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-401549

ABSTRACT

MBA es una emergencia médica, que plantea desafíos relacionados al diagnóstico precoz, en pos de reducir letalidad y secuelas severas. El Hospital Hernán Henríquez (HHH) de Temuco realiza vigilancia epidemiológica de MBA infantil desde 1989, de todos los casos de la IX región. Nuestro objetivo es describir los resultados de exámenes de laboratorio y la relación con el pronóstico del paciente afectado por MBA. Se estudiaron 375 pacientes desde 1989 a 2002, cuyas edades fluctuaron entre 1 mes y 14 años, con manifestaciones clínicas y/o de laboratorio, compatibles con MBA, hospitalizados en HHH. Al ingreso se realizó: Citología y test bacteriológicos de Líquido Cefalorraquídeo (LCR), hemocultivo, hemograma, Proteína C Reactiva (PCR) y, en algunos, látex LCR. El 1.9 por ciento presentó parámetros LCR normales al ingreso: Albúmina <0.3 g/dl, glucosa >0.5 g/dl, células < 10 mm³. Bajos recuentos celulares en LCR y leucopenia se asociaron significativamente a mayores complicaciones, letalidad y secuelas. Se encontró un bajo porcentaje de pacientes con parámetros normales de LCR al ingreso. Leucopenia y bajos recuentos celulares en LCR se asocian a un mal pronóstico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Child, Preschool , Child , Acute Disease , Meningitis, Bacterial/diagnosis , Meningitis, Bacterial/cerebrospinal fluid , Meningitis, Bacterial/mortality , Meningitis, Bacterial/therapy , Chile , Early Diagnosis
16.
JPMA-Journal of Pakistan Medical Association. 2003; 53 (12): 580-3
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-63091

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to obtain data on predisposing factors, causative organisms and their associated mortality and complications related to acute bacterial meningitis. The chart review of all patients in whom acute bacterial meningitis was diagnosed at The Aga Khan University Hospital from January 1995 through December 2001. One hundred ninety-four patients were included in study. There were 146 males and 48 females. The mean age of our study population was 41 +/- 12.3 years. One hundred and ninety [97.9%] patients had communityacquired meningitis-, only 4 [2.0%] patients developed meningitis nosocomially. The two most common predisposing factors were diabetes mellitus [13.9%] and otitis media [7.7%] among all 194 patients. A significant proportion of patients with complications had diabetes mellitus [24.6%, p<0.001]. CSF and blood cultures were positive in 53 [27.3%] and 42 [21.6%] patients respectively-, there was no statistical difference found. The most common organisms isolated were Streptococcus pneumoniae in 35 [36.8%] patients followed by Neisseria meningitides in -30 [31.5%] -patients. Approximately 68% of -positive cultures -yielded S. pneumoniae and N. meningitides [p<0.0001]. The overall mortality rate was 22.1%. The mortality rate for Streptococcus pneumoniae was 17.1%. The highest mortality was observed in patients with Pseudomonal meningitis where all four patients expired followed by mortality rate of 85.7% in Escherichia coli afflicted patients [p<0.001]. Complications occurred in 73 [37.6%] patients with persistent complications in 31 [42.4%] patients. Complications resolved in 34 [46.5%] patients. The most common complications were seizures [12.8%] and cranial nerve palsies [11.3%]. Seizures were more likely to occur in older patients [p<0.05] whereas hydrocephalus was more common in younger patients [p<0.05]. Bacterial Meningitis remains a serious disease associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Most cases are community acquired with S. Pneumoniae being the most common pathogen. Old age, diabetes mellitus, a positive culture, seizures as a complication and late stage in the disease are the important predictors of a poor outcome


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Meningitis, Bacterial/mortality , Meningitis, Bacterial/epidemiology , Developing Countries , Causality , Retrospective Studies
17.
Rev. Fac. Med. Univ. Nac. Nordeste ; 18(1): 15-9, 2000. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-288906

ABSTRACT

Se analizan 30 episodios de meningitis por Streptococcus pneumoniae ocurridos en 28 pacientes, en un período de tiempo comprendido entre 1989 y 1998. La edad media de los pacientes fue de 41 años, el 32 por ciento presentó enfermedades o condiciones clínicas subyacentes, entre la que se destacó la diabetes mellitus; en el 46 por ciento se constataron focos infecciosos que sirvieron como puerta de entrada para el compromiso del espacio meníngeo que en orden de frecuencia fueron: otitis media aguda, mastoidistis, sinusitis, fístula pericraneal y neumonía. El tiempo promedio de evaluación de los síntomas desde su inicio hasta el diagnóstico fue de 36 hs. El 90 por ciento de los pacientes presentó fiebre e irritación meníngea. A su ingreso, en el 48 por ciento se evidenció deterioro del estado de conciencia y en el 23 por ciento signos de foco neurológico. Tomografía axial computada de cerebro se realizó en el 53 por ciento de la serie. La rentabilidad del Gram y cultivo del LCR fue del 80 y 75 por ciento respectivamente y de los hemocultivos 60 por ciento. El 100 por ciento de las cepas de neumococos aisladas fueron sensibles a la penicilina. La mortalidad fue del 28 por ciento y las sucuelas nerológicas se observaron en el 13 por ciento. La inmunización no se realizó en ninguno a pesar de que presentaban indicaciones precisas de la misma


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Meningitis, Meningococcal/diagnosis , Bacterial Vaccines , Ceftriaxone/therapeutic use , Cephalosporins/therapeutic use , Dexamethasone/therapeutic use , Pneumococcal Infections/prevention & control , Meningitis, Bacterial/drug therapy , Meningitis, Bacterial/mortality , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Streptococcus pneumoniae/drug effects , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
18.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 56(1): 88-92, mar. 1998. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-212448

ABSTRACT

Com o objetivo de estabelecer a letalidade intra-hospitalar de meningite piogênica em crianças da cidade de Salvador, realizamos análise de todos os prontuários dos pacientes com idade inferior a 15 anos admitidos no Hospital Couto Maia, entre 1990 e 1992, segundo publicado anteriormente. As curvas de sobrevida baseadas nas taxas de letalidade e no tempo de permanência hospitalar foram analisadas, comparando-se os grupos de etiologia identificada e nao identificada. A mesma análise foi utilizada para comparar os três agentes etiológicos mais prevalentes na faixa etária pediátrica (H. influenzae, N. meningitidis e S. pneumoniae). Nao houve diferença estatística entre as curvas de sobrevida do grupo identificado e nao identificado. Comparando-se os três agentes, observamos que S. pneumoniae foi responsável pela maior letalidade intra-hospitalar e N. Meningitidis apresentou a melhor evoluçao. Concluímos que esforços devem ser feitos para estabelecer variáveis preditoras de letalidade de meningites piogências que possam ser identificadas no momento da admissao hospitalar.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Child , Meningitis, Bacterial/mortality , Brazil , Cohort Studies , Length of Stay , Meningitis, Bacterial/microbiology , Probability , Retrospective Studies , Statistics, Nonparametric , Survival Analysis
19.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 55(3B): 584-7, set. 1997. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-205358

ABSTRACT

Foram analisados dados do prontuário de 176 pacientes com idade igual ou superior a 15 anos, internados no Hospital Couto Maia, no período de janeiro de 1990 a dezembro de 1992, em Salvador-BA, com o diagnóstico de meningite piogênica. Observamos, em ordem decrescente, maior percentagem de pacientes com N. meningitidis (56,7 por cento), S. pneumoniae (37,5 por cento) e E. coli (3,3 por cento). A letalidade foi maior no grupo com meningite pneumocócica. No grupo de indivíduos com meningite por pneumococo verificamos que a média etária e de leucócitos no sangue periférico foram superiores quando comparadas com o grupo de portadores de meningite meningocócica. Por outro lado, neste último grupo a média de glicorraquia foi maior. A presença de lesöes cutâneas hemorrágicas mostrou-se preditora da etiologia meningocócica.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Adolescent , Meningitis, Bacterial/diagnosis , Brazil , Incidence , Meningitis, Bacterial/microbiology , Meningitis, Bacterial/mortality , Retrospective Studies
20.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 54(4): 571-6, dez. 1996. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-187244

ABSTRACT

Foram analisados dados de prontuário de 528 crianças com faixa etária entre 1 mês e 15 anos e diagnóstico de meningite bacteriana aguda, admitidas no Hospital Couto Maia entre 1990 e 1992. Meningite bacteriana foi mais frequente em crianças com idade inferior a 1 ano (37,8 por cento). O agente etiológico mais comum foi H. influenzae (42,2 por cento). A letalidade global foi de 20,9 por cento e os fatores preditivos de pior prognóstico foram: ausência da "tríade classica" (febre, vômitos e rigidez de nuca), celularidade do líquido cefalorraquidiano inferior a 1000/mm3, idade inferior a 2 anos, presença de convulsoes, alteraçoes do nível de consciência e S. pneumoniae como agente causal.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Meningitis, Bacterial , Haemophilus influenzae/isolation & purification , Meningitis, Bacterial/diagnosis , Meningitis, Bacterial/etiology , Meningitis, Bacterial/mortality , Neisseria meningitidis/isolation & purification , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , Streptococcus pneumoniae/isolation & purification
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